CAP 0.2-0.75 cm, cushion-shaped becoming convex and sometimes slightly depressed on disc, tough and membranous, margin incurved when young, revolute (curled up) when old; pure white, dry, opaque, radially furrowed and wrinkled when old, slightly micaceous (with shiny particles) under low magnification. UNDERSIDE gills white, adnate, distant, moderately sized, fold-like to vein-like in larger caps, small subgills and anastomoses forming a submerulioid to poroid surface with a few dominant gills. STEM 1.5-3 mm x 0.1-2 mm, equal but often slightly swollen at base, solid, off-center, white, appearing inserted to the naked eye, actually arising from a base under the epidermis with a small pad at the point of emergence; dry, finely downy. FRUITING scattered on Carex (sedge) or Scirpus under dense leaf cover in open marshes. SPORES 13.2-16.0 x 5-6.4 um, inequilateral, narrowly oboval to elliptic or fusiform, smooth, inamyloid, colorless, often 1 to 2 droplets, with prominent blunt apiculus.

CAP 0.1-1.5 cm across, convex to flat, rarely depressed, white or whitish when young, disc becoming pale yellow or yellowish orange when old, margin white; minutely pruinose (appearing powdery), dull, opaque, smooth or minutely wrinkled, margin obscurely striate when old. UNDERSIDE gills frequently adnate, sometimes attached to an adnate partial collar, distant, few or rarely lacking altogether, narrow and vein-like, 1-4 tiers of subgills (vein-like), interveined; white or pale yellowish white. STEM 5-40 mm x 0.2-1 mm, inserted, yellowish white when young, top remaining so but lower part becoming yellowish brown, reddish brown or dark brown; shiny, pruinose (appearing as if having yellowish white or reddish brown powder). FRUITING fallen leaves especially Populus, but also other vegetation such as standing dead Equisetum stems, overwintered apple-skins, leaves and sticks of hardwood trees, or blackberry shoots. SPORES 9.6-12.3(13.2) x 3.6-4.8(5.4) um, elongate-elliptic; basidia 4-spored. REMARKS An English name is "white pinwheel". Marasmius tremulae has cap under 0.4 cm, grows on aspen leaves, and has longer spores 11-14 x 2.8-4 um on 2-spored basidia.

CAP 0.1-0.15 cm across, conic - bell-shaped, shining white and opaque at all stages. UNDERSIDE smooth or 3-5 low ridges somewhat decurrent, whitish. STEM 1 cm long, thread-like, top usually slightly enlarged, base inserted; white; pruinose (appearing powdery) in upper part, base slightly downy. FRUITING growing on redwood twigs and needles. SPORES (8)9-11 x 3-3.5 um, cylindric to subaciculate (almost needle-like), tapered to a long point at base, smooth, amyloid, colorless.

CAP 0.12-0.18 cm, convex to flat, with prominent pointed umbo; white, wrinkled, translucent, with uneven edges. UNDERSIDE smooth or as a few distant fold-like ridges. STEM 4-6 mm long and 0.1 mm wide, thread-like except for slightly swollen base; white, downy under hand lens. FRUITING gregarious on dripping wet gametophytes of moss in spray zone of a montane waterfall. SPORES 9.8-10.8 x 2.5-3.1 um, allantoid (curved sausage-shaped) to narrowly cylindric or narrowly pip-shaped, smooth, inamyloid, colorless, thin-walled; basidia (1)2-4-spored.

CAP 0.05-0.2 cm, convex, sometimes depressed at center, becoming flat to cup-shaped or funnel-shaped; white, finely downy centrally with hand lens, sometimes radially grooved when folds present on underside. UNDERSIDE smooth or with folds not reaching margin, slightly decurrent. STEM 2-10 mm x 0.05-0.1 mm, thread-like, white, with minute fine hairs under hand lens, often more at base, inserted or with a slightly swollen pubescent base. FRUITING restricted to growth on monocot debris in wet areas. SPORES 11-15 x 3.8-4.5 um, elliptic to cylindric, smooth, inamyloid, thin-walled, with prominent apiculus; basidia (1)2 spored; clamp connections absent.

CAP 0.1-0.5 cm, obtusely conical to bell-shaped becoming flat and sometimes depressed centrally, variable in shape and may have conic umbo; white, translucent, finely downy under hand lens, edges uneven and sometimes crisped. UNDERSIDE smooth or with uneven folds not reaching margin, spore-bearing surface decurrent, folds distant; white. STEM 4-8 mm x 0.1-0.2 mm, thread-like, white, finely downy under hand lens, especially towards base. FRUITING on woody or herbaceous debris including monocot litter, leaves, coniferous litter, Douglas-fir cones, all of which are damp. SPORES 7-9 x 4.5-4.8 um, elliptic, smooth, inamyloid, colorless, with prominent apiculus, often with one droplet; basidia 2(3-4)-spored.

CAP 0.1-0.7 cm, hanging, conchate (shell-shaped) to conic to cup-shaped, margin incurved, fragile; white; dry, bald near margins, sometimes slightly hairy near point of attachment. UNDERSIDE smooth when very young, soon becoming cantharelloid (with veins) and usually forming forked gill-like folds in larger fruit-bodies; colored as cap. STEM absent, or short pseudostem. FRUITING on various species of moss in humid places such as ravines in coastal coniferous forests. SPORES 5-7 x 4.5-7 um, nearly round to very broadly pip-shaped with very prominent apiculus, smooth, inamyloid, colorless, with thin to pronounced walls.

CAP 0.1-0.3 cm, cup-shaped, hanging with concave spore-bearing surface facing downward, margins incurved; white; finely fibrillose, margin silky. UNDERSIDE smooth to only slightly wrinkled; white with slight buff tint. STEM Cap is narrowly to broadly attached centrally or off-center. FRUITING occasionally somewhat confluent where crowded, more often among or associated with mycelial strands; on moss leaves, usually on undersides or along stems, and also on nearby substrate such as soil or decayed wood, in hardwood or mixed forests. SPORES 4-5(6) x 4-5 um, round or nearly round or broadly pip-shaped, smooth, inamyloid, colorless, with pronounced walls and apiculus.

CAP 0.5-2 cm wide, convex, sometimes with a shallow central depression, sometimes convoluted; margin strongly rolled under, thin, and often wavy; cap color cream buff, pinkish buff, cinnamon buff, vinaceous buff, yellowish, pale brown, or darker, cap surface wrinkled or smooth, dry, UNDERSIDE sterile, often with veins that extend up from stem; STEM 1.5-7.0 cm long and 1.5-5 mm wide at top, 2-12 mm lower down, sometimes flattened, stuffed to hollow, brown (usually darker than cap), sometimes tinted with reddish brown or lilac, usually with fine particles, often longitudinally striate or ridged, sometimes rather flattened. FRUITING scattered to gregarious or clustered in humus or needle litter, on soil, or on rotting wood; under conifers or less often hardwoods; more common in fall. SPORES ascospores (28)32-40(46) x 2 um, needle-like. REMARKS It is likely that Cudonia monticola and Cudonia grisea may bear veins on the underside as well (see Key to Club Fungi).

CAP 0.6-3.5 cm, oval to spatula-shaped, semicircular, kidney-shaped, rarely cup-shaped, somewhat membranous, the surface usually depressed, margins incurved at first; hygrophanous, grey brown to pale mouse gray, moist to dry, sometimes white-downy centrally, striate. UNDERSIDE ridges variable, often thick when young, suggesting Cantharellus, later thin and gill-like, adnate to decurrent, moderately spaced to subdistant, irregularly with 2 or 3 tiers of subgills; colored as cap or paler. STEM up to 1.8 cm long, 0.5 cm wide, generally shorter and lateral; whitish to grayish. FRUITING on various mosses, especially Dicranum species, or near mosses on ground or litter. SPORES 5-9 x 4.2-5.5 um, variable in shape, often predominantly nearly round or broadly obovoid, but also sometimes mostly elliptic, or with intermediate forms, smooth, inamyloid, colorless; clamp connections present.

CAP 0.2-1.1 cm, spoon-shaped to fan-shaped, occasionally more circular, margin incurved, at first even, later somewhat scalloped or vaguely lobed; light brown to nearly black; somewhat membranous, moist to dry. UNDERSIDE initially smooth, with age developing more or less radially arranged folds, with numerous interveined bridges or more irregular anastomoses and forks, often with puckered sides, colored as cap or paler, set off from stem by a raised ridge continuous with margin of cap. STEM 0.15-1.0 cm x 0.05-0.15 cm, varying from rudimentary to elongated, nearly lateral, colored as cap or whitish toward base from mycelium. FRUITING sandy or peaty soil with sparse low often pioneering moss cover, in recently deglaciated sites or burn sites as well as tundra or arctic alpine sites. SPORES 5-10 x 4.2-6 um, elliptic to oboval, oval, or almond-shaped, smooth, inamyloid, colorless. REMARKS Arrhenia auriscalpium has been recorded from 4 locations in Alberta near the BC border, also from Alaska, Northwest Territories, and Arizona, as well as Europe, probably occurs in the Pacific Northwest.

CAP 0.5-4 cm, rarely round, more often oboval, fan-shaped or kidney-shaped, rarely funnel-shaped, membranous, margins incurved and remaining so, usually lobed, sometimes deeply incised, sometimes crisped (finely wavy) and scalloped; hygrophanous, light gray brown to gray yellow brown or buff, fading when partially dry, often blackening on exposed margins or when dry; surface moist. UNDERSIDE smooth when immature, soon with branched more or less radially arranged veins with numerous curving anastomosing lateral veins or more irregularly veined-wrinkled, often forking; colored as cap or paler. STEM not well formed, attachment off-center or lateral, base may be whitish or just paler than cap, attached by whitish mycelium. FRUITING single to clustered on moss in wet sites, alpine sites or bogs or fens often around the margins of pools. SPORES 5-10(15) x 4.2-8.5, more or less elliptic, smooth, inamyloid, colorless, with a conspicuous blunt apiculus; clamp connections present.

CAP 0.1-1.0 cm, like an inverted bowl suspended from its center or more often with off-center attachment and bilaterally symmetric, mostly hanging, usually shallow, sometimes nearly approaching a stemmed form but always with the spore-bearing surface demarcated by a sterile margin; margin incurved, usually becoming crisped (finely wavy) and uneven when old; whitish to brownish gray to buff; moist to dry, smooth to wrinkled in large specimens. UNDERSIDE smooth at first, often becoming only slightly wrinkled, either with radially disposed branched and forked veins with frequent anastomoses and intervenose branches, or more elaborately netted-poroid with less development in the marginal areas; colored as cap or slightly paler. STEM absent or slight sheathing pseudostipe. FRUITING on mosses, sometimes on twigs or leaves near mosses. SPORES 6-9(11) x 3.2-5 um, mostly short and cylindric to elliptic but varying to broadly elliptic or oboval, smooth, inamyloid, colorless, apiculus prominent; clamp connections absent.

FRUITBODY 1-4 cm wide growing flat on wood, circular at first but often confluent in sheets 10 cm or more across, up to 1 mm thick, attached firmly; the exposed spore-bearing surface reddish orange or pink, occasionally tan or pale orange or violet-gray, may be pruinose, often translucent, with narrow folds (ridges) interrupted, not forming pits but radiating, rarely branching, sometimes with convoluted pleats, also tuberculate (bumps) or verrucose (warty); hairy margin up to 3 mm wide and sometimes granulose, sometimes brighter or paler in color than the rest of the fruitbody; flesh waxy-soft, somewhat gelatinous, white to pallid. FRUITING on rotting wood of hardwoods and occasionally conifers, in fall, associated with a white rot. SPORES 3.5-7 x 1-2 um, cylindric, smooth, inamyloid, colorless; clamp connections present.

FRUITBODY growing flat or partly bent outward to form shelf-like caps, often imbricate (shingled), separable from the wood when fresh, often confluent, usually about 5 cm x 3 cm (but up to 25 cm x 10 cm), and 5 mm thick; if present caps projecting up to 5 cm, soft and cartilaginous, the upper surface white to pallid, tomentose to hirsute, not zoned or only slightly zoned; spore-bearing outer (or lower) surface translucent, waxy, soft, gelatinous, elastic, when young or fresh pale orange-yellow to deep orange-red, usually blood red when older or dried, the folds narrow, up to 1.5 mm deep, radiating, branching, pleated in network pattern (merulioid) with radial folds dominating, occasionally forming long, nearly rectangular pits, 1 or 2 per millimeter; margin of flat part up to 2 mm wide, waxy, fringed, pale yellow to orange-red, occasionally darker; flesh soft, gelatinous, white to pallid. FRUITING on hardwood and less often conifer wood, associated with a white rot, common in fall. SPORES 3.5-4.5 x 1-1.5(2) um, cylindric, smooth, inamyloid, colorless, often with two droplets; with clamp connections. REMARKS also known as Meruliopsis tremellosus. The somewhat similar Meruliopsis corium lacks clamp connections. Serpula species have dark spores.

CAP 1-2.3 cm, semi-circular, fan-shaped, or inverted cup-shaped, growing shelf-like in overlapping clusters or groups, upper side white when young but soon yellow-brown to red-brown or tan, somewhat zoned with concentric undulations, finely tomentose; margin wavy, scalloped, often somewhat lobed, often lighter in color. UNDERSIDE somewhat gill-like, in a radiating pattern, with finely wavy edges, often forked and vein-like, often anastomosing, moderately distant, narrow, whitish to grayish. STEM short and lateral or occasionally central on inverted cup, sometimes absent. FRUITING in overlapping clusters or groups on branches and trunks of hardwoods. SPORES 3-4 x 1-1.5 um, sausage-shaped to elliptic, smooth, colorless, often containing 2 droplets.

FRUITBODY growing flat on wood or bent outward to form a shelf-like cap, attached loosely, forming patches 0.05-0.1 cm thick, and several centimeters to decimeters across, caps extending up to 3 cm from the wood, upper cap surface dark cream to orange-brownish or grayish, undulating, somewhat zoned, finely velvety; margin sharp and somewhat lighter than cap surface. UNDERSIDE (or side facing outward where growing flat on wood) white (yellowish when old), bumpy or pleated-veined, not forming net-like pores. FRUITING principally on dead branches and small-diameter stems of alder, rarely on other hardwoods. SPORES 4-5 x 0.7-1 um, cylindric, slightly curved, smooth, amyloid, colorless.

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